The earliest example of an oud-type lute, called barbat by the ancient Persians, is found depicted in excavations from Tell at Susa from the eighth century B.C. Setar's body consists of two parts; a soundbox and a long neck. The Oud disappeared from Persian music at some point and the legacy of long necked lutes continued in Iran and Central Asia during the medieval period until the 20th century when the Oud was revived in Iran. Again here we have a beautifully made Oud by Yahya. The guitar was innovation on the basic lute form. The problem The problem with the Oud and Persian music is that sometimes you need to play Dastgah Shur in the key of C. This is awkward on the standard tuning of the Oud. An eighth century inlaid specimen with the frets on the neck and on the soundboard is in the treasury at Nara and is depicted on the Turkistan fresco of 500 A.D. Many fourteenth century art works depict the instrument with four strings and played with a quill plectrum. However, its bowl back is deeper and the face is narrower. The bandoura could be considered a combination of oud and zither. The earliest lute books were in Italian, and from these texts it is obvious that the art of lute-playing in Europe, although far inferior to the Arabo-Persian virtuosity, was still relatively highly developed. Some believe that lute has either come from Hairah to the west of the Euphrates river near Mada'en, the education center of the Sassanid princes, or from a city known as "Bab". Fee: Please consult our fees page. by Navid Goldrick on August 16, 2013, no comments . Althoughh an early Asian gold painting depicts the four-stringed lute played with a large plectrum (called bahi by the Japanese today), the Chinese pipa is currently plucked with the fingers like flamenco guitar. Read the full article here:http://www.oudforguitarists.com/quartertones Tar (Persian: تار ) is an Iranian long-necked, waisted lute family instrument, used by many cultures and countries including Iran, Azerbaijan, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Georgia, Tajikistan ( Iranian Plateau) and others near the Caucasus and Central Asia regions. Add to Wish List Add to Compare. This instrument is obviously developed from the older form. Beautiful lutes of sandalwood with mother-of-pearl and tortoise-shell work dating from 749 A.D. are still in the Imperial Treasury at Nara, Japan. The tuning is (low to high string): C-F-Bb-D-g-c. Post was not sent - check your email addresses! There are not that many tutorials out there teaching Persian Oud style. In Pre-Islamic Arabia and Mesopotamia, the oud had only three strings, with a small musical box and a long neck without any tuning pegs. Sorry, your blog cannot share posts by email. However, the Oud has become rather popular in the last 20 years in Iran. The tuning of a lute is a complicated issue, described in a section of its own below. A floor mosaic at Qasr al-Hayr al-Garbi (c.727), in today’s Syria, reveals the pear-shaped oud that arrived in Arabia from Persia in the early days of Islam. The Russian balalaika, with its three strings and triangular soundbox, might not at first appear to be in the oud family, but it is just another deviation from the original pear shape. The Italian mandolin is a smaller version of Arab oud, the main deviation being that the strings continue past the bridge to the end of the soundbox instead of beginning at the bridge as in the case of oud. BROWSE NOW >>> Lute is one of the most ancient Iranian instruments. Turkish Acoustic Oud #D1126. Thus, the guitar with its illogical tuning and tinny-noted soundbox was a step down from the noble oud. The Oud - David Parfitt, discusses both Arabic and Turkish maqâm theory. The fourth string gave Persian Setar a better sound and players a possibility of more complex tuning alternatives. Although the Greek instruments Laouto and Lavta appear to look much like an Oud, they are very different in playing style and origin, deriving from Byzantine lutes. You might also be interested in these ouds. After a long time search finally in 2006, I found out who are the best oud and barbat makers in Iran. Its body is smaller, you can reach the higher ranges of the neck. It was during the Han dynasty, when Chinese power and influence stretched to the Caspian Sea, the Western stringed instruments were brought to the East through the court orchestras of such countries as India, Tibet, and Mongolia and cities like Samarkand, Bukhara, and Kashgar. The problem with the Oud and Persian music is that sometimes you need to play Dastgah Shur in the key of C. This is awkward on the standard tuning of the Oud. Iranian instruments, persian instruments, Mohammadi brothers, Oud Yahya, Masoud aha mohamadi, Kave hamid ghorbanzadeh If you are tuning the 5th strings to F, then it is a bit tricky. The box is usually made of walnut or mulberry while neck is made of walnut wood. Give this tuning a try and let me know how it goes in the comments below. Arabic, Persian, Turkish and Iraqi Oud style, techniques and characteristic repertoire; Type: group class (minimum 3, maximum 5 students) Duration: 12 weekly lessons of 1 hour and half. Many fourteenth century art works depict the instrument with four strings and played with a quill plectrum. While many styles are played on the oud, central to almost all of them is the use of the Arabic maqam or the Persian dastgah, scales from the aforementioned regions of the world that utilize quarter tones and microtones. By the middle of the fourteenth century, the four strings had evolved to four courses or pairs of strings as had already happened in the Islamic world. There are a lot of great young Oud players in Iran nowadays. Tuning: G2 G2, A2 A2, D3 D3, G3 G3, C4 C4 Strings/Courses: Usually 10/5, but sometimes 9/5 or 11/6 (with single bass string like the oud) Further notes: A Persian/Iranian version of the oud, developed to closer resemble ancient Persian designs and better suit a different playing style. The Oud was originated somewhere in greater Iran, the lands that encompass the ancestral lands occupied at one time by Iranian tribes. There is a big finger stretch and an open “A” string which can really dampen your mood. I’m not sure if you were aware of this but the Oud was used in Iran many years before it was used in Arab countries. We know what Al-Farabi’s Oud was like but this Oud looks very different from the Barbat depicted in the earliest evidence … Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window), Order and Buy Your Dream Oud Online (You’ll never need Ebay again), Learn Arabic Oud Event Calendar – Oud Workshops, YouTube Live & More, Website Terms and Conditions and Privacy Policy. Oud Tunings; Arabic or Turkish Style Oud & Tunings? Sources claim that central Asian nomads found the Indo-Iranian instrument convenient for playing on horseback and thus carried it with them from the West to the East. "Iran - Persian Classical Music" Elektra Nonesuch 7559-72060-2 3'00 Brahem Badhra (excerpt) - Anouar Brahem, oud; John Surman, soprano saxophone; Dave … Persian barbat, Arab oud (Left-two images) Oud-family instruments painted in the Cappella Palatina in Sicily, 12th century. But we really don’t know what the instrument was like at the time. Common oud strings are tuned to D2 G2 A2 D3 G3 C4 for single string courses or D2, G2 G2, A2 A2, D3 D3, G3 G3, C4 C4 for doubled string courses. But during the Islamic era the musical box was enlarged, a fourth string was added, and the base for the tuning pegs (Bunjuk) or pegbox was added. The cittern tuning remained more faithful to the ancentral form and is cited as being E, D, G, A (D). This is great, but the Oud might not have the ideal string tension. Learn my little rule when it comes to playing quartertones in different genres of music. It allows you to have a strong coherency of tuning and strong resonance when playing any maqam or dastgah in the keys of G or C. I forgot to mention in the video that this tuning makes playing Dastgah Segah on A koron very nice too. The persian oud (aka a lute, 5 course) is usually tuned to G A d g c (like most 5 string ouds). The oud in Iran. • Oud Qadim: an archaic type of oud from North Africa, now out of use. A musician playing the oud controls the oud tuning of the oud. I’ve always been searching for a way to conveniently tune my Oud to play Persian Dastgah based on C. The problem with the Oud and Persian music is that sometimes you need to play Dastgah Shur in the key of C. This is awkward on the standard tuning of the Oud. Download and buy high quality tracks. Which Set Of Strings Is The Best For My Oud? Although the Greek instruments Laouto and Lavta appear to look much like an oud, they are very different in playing style and origin, deriving from Byzantine lutes. Lute in the modern world. On the other hand, the buzuki of Greece and neighboring Balkan countries has faithfully maintained the original pear shape of the oud, and the Romanian cobza retains the logical Eastern tuning of the D, A, D, G in octave. * Barbat (Persian Oud): smaller than Arabic ouds with different tuning and higher tone. Teacher: Francesco Iannuzzelli. This one was designed and ordered by a customer. What is the oud tuning? Keep in mind that for every lute/oud there are multiple tunings, and for every type (Persian, Iraqi, ETC) there are different tunings.. Later, the same instrument appears in East Turkestan in a Ghandahar fresco of the fifth to seventh century A.D., in which the instument is shown with four or five strings. One of the earliest mentions of the Arabo-Persian oud in Europe was in the Roman de la Rose.
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